Tuberculin skin test procedure

by NahidMedical Technology Blogs -


Mantoux test / Tuberculin Test:

The term "tuberculin test" typically refers to a test used to diagnose tuberculosis (TB) infection or to assess whether someone has been exposed to the bacteria that cause TB. There are two main types of tuberculin tests: the Mantoux tuberculin skin test and the interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA).

Mantoux Tuberculin Skin Test: This is the traditional and most commonly used test for diagnosing TB infection. 

Purpose (use) of the test:

·       Aid to diagnosis to

·       For contract tracing

·       For post-reaction check-up.

Mantoux test / Tuberculin Test: It is also called the tuberculin test.it is a type IV delayed-type, hypersensitivity reaction that develops in primary infection with tuberculin bacilli or BCG vaccination.

The tuberculin skin test (Mantoux test) uses tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) as the reagent. Tuberculin PPD is derived from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium that causes tuberculosis. It contains various proteins and antigens from the tuberculosis bacteria.

The materials and reagents typically used for the Mantoux tuberculin skin test include:

Tuberculin PPD reagent: This is the primary reagent used for the test. It's a standardized preparation of proteins and antigens from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Syringe and Needle: A small syringe with a fine needle is used to inject the PPD solution just beneath the skin's surface.

Alcohol Swab: An alcohol swab is used to clean the injection site before administering the test.

Tape or Adhesive Bandage: After the PPD is injected, a piece of tape or an adhesive bandage is used to cover and secure the injection site.

Tuberculin Skin Test Ruler or Caliper: Medical Technologist use a ruler or caliper to measure the size of any induration (raised, hardened area) that develops at the injection site after a specific period of time (usually 48 to 72 hours).

Mantoux Test

Patient Information Form: This form is used to record essential information about the patient, including their medical history and potential risk factors for tuberculosis.

Tuberculin skin test procedure:

Is tuberculin PPD (purified protein derivative) of mycobacterium tuberculosis used in terms of tuberculin unit (TU), 5 TU and 250 TU tuberculin are used.

1. Technique:

·       To A dose of 0.1 ml of get 5 in the TU of PPD is intracutaneously infection in the left forearm.

·       To The reading is taken in a 48 to 72 hours

·       The reading is based on the presence or absence of induration

·       Redness is not taken into account.

2. Reading:

·       Positive reaction: in an area of ​​induration of diameter 10 mm in diameter must-d'or more level position to develop.

·       Negative reaction: If there is no induration or less than 5 mm

·       Doubtful reaction: An area of ​​induration diameter <10 mm constitutes a doubtful reaction.

illimitations of tuberculin test: 

Positive in: 1. Acute TB, 2.Past TB, 3. Previous Vaccination

Negative in spite of having TB in

1  sever Malaria

2. AIDS

3. Malignancy

4. Sarcoidosis

5. Sever tuberculosis

TB testing is crucial for diagnosing and controlling the spread of tuberculosis, a bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs but can potentially affect other organs in the body. Early detection and treatment of TB infection are essential to prevent the development of active TB disease and to reduce its transmission to others.

Tuberculin skin test procedure Important: (previous Topies)-

Here is an excellent English translation of the information provided in Bengali:

The conclusion of a tuberculin test, also known as a Mantoux test or PPD (purified protein derivative) test, is typically based on the size of the induration (swelling) at the injection site and the individual's medical history. Here are some possible conclusions:

Negative Result: If there is no induration or if the induration is less than a certain size (typically 5 mm or less, but the threshold may vary depending on factors like age and risk factors), the test is considered negative. This means that the person has not been infected with the bacteria that causes tuberculosis (TB) or has not developed a significant immune response to the infection.

Positive Result: If the induration is larger than a certain size (typically 10 mm or more, but again, this threshold may vary based on risk factors), the test is considered positive. A positive result indicates that the person may have been exposed to the TB bacteria, but it does not necessarily mean they have active TB disease. Further evaluation, such as chest X-rays and additional tests, is needed to determine if active TB is present.

Borderline Result: In some cases, the induration may fall between the negative and positive thresholds. This is referred to as a borderline result. A healthcare provider may interpret this result in the context of the individual's risk factors and may recommend follow-up testing or monitoring.

Previous TB Infection: If someone has a history of a positive tuberculin test or known TB infection, a subsequent test may still be positive due to a persistent immune response. In such cases, the result may be interpreted as indicating a previous TB infection.

Booster Effect: Sometimes, individuals with a prior TB infection may experience a stronger reaction when tested again in the future. This is known as a "booster effect" and can occur in people whose immune response has weakened over time. In such cases, the healthcare provider may consider the new test result rather than the previous one.

Recent TB Exposure: A positive tuberculin test can also indicate recent exposure to someone with active TB disease. In such cases, the person may not yet have developed active TB themselves but could be at risk of doing so.

It's important to note that the interpretation of tuberculin test results should be done by a qualified healthcare provider who takes into account the individual's medical history, risk factors, and other relevant information. A positive result does not necessarily mean a person has active TB disease, and further testing and evaluation are often needed to make a definitive diagnosis and determine the appropriate course of action, which may include treatment or monitoring."


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